Research Progress on Antibacterial Applications of Bioactive Materials in Wound Infections: Design, Challenges, and Prospects

Bioactive materials have shown great potential in combating wound bacteria and biofilm damage. The author introduces a material design for bacterial microenvironment response. Summarized the latest progress in antibacterial properties through the synergistic physical field effect of its structure and function and explored the challenges and future potential of these materials in treatment.

Abstract

Bacterial wound infections pose a significant threat to global health, exacerbated by the increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) and the formation of elastic biofilms. This review explores the transformative potential of bioactive materials in addressing these challenges, focusing on their design, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic effects. In vivo, bioactive materials are designed to respond to unique bacterial microenvironment (BME), utilizing enzyme activity, controlled gas release, surface functionalization, and immune regulation to combat infections. In vitro, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the rational design of these materials, emphasizing the synergistic integration of structural modifications (such as size and morphology) with external physical stimuli (such as light, sound, electricity, magnetism, and force) to enhance antibacterial performance. Finally, the outstanding challenges and prospects in this rapidly evolving field are discussed.