Photothermally Enhanced Cascaded Nanozyme‐Functionalized Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for Targeted Treatment of Infected Diabetic Wounds

To overcome the limitations of H₂O₂ under physiological conditions and catalytic defects of nanozyme, this work designs a novel multifunctional (GOx)–CeO₂@ (BP)/Apt nanosheets that features GOx and CeO₂ dual enzyme with photothermal enhancement effect and targeting ability. GOx–CeO₂@BP/Apt nanosheets demonstrate excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial performance and wound repair capability with profound potential for diabetic wound healing.

Abstract

Due to the limitations of H₂O₂ under physiological conditions and defective activity, nanozyme-catalyzed therapy for infected diabetic wound healing is still a huge challenge. Here, this work designs a novel multifunctional hybrid glucose oxidase (GOx)–CeO₂@black phosphorus (BP)/Apt nanosheet that features GOx and CeO₂ dual enzyme loading with photothermal enhancement effect and targeting ability for the treatment of infected wounds in type II diabetic mice. Combined with the photothermal properties of the BP nanosheets, the cascade nanozyme effect of GOx and CeO₂ is extremely enhanced. The synergistic effect of peroxidase activity and photothermal therapy with targeting aptamer allows for overcoming the catalytic defects of nanozyme and significantly improving in vitro bacterial inhibition rate with 99.9% and 97.8% for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively, as well as enhancing in vivo antibacterial performance with the lowest wound remained (0.05%), reduction of infiltration inflammatory cells, and excellent biocompatibility. Overall, this work builds a nanodelivery system with a powerful therapeutic approach, incorporating self-supplying H₂O₂ synergistic photothermal and real-time wound monitoring effect, which holds profound potential as a clinical treatment for infected diabetic wounds.