Photosynthesis‐Inspired NIR‐Triggered Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ Core–Shell Nanozyme for Promoting MRSA‐Infected Diabetic Wound Healing

Inspired by the mechanisms of artificial photosynthesis, photosynthesis-like NIR-triggered catalyzed core-shell Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ nanoenzymes are synthesized as bio-antimicrobial agents to enhance the healing of MRSA-infected diabetic wounds.

Abstract

Bacterial infections can lead to severe medical complications, including major medical incidents and even death, posing a significant challenge in clinical trauma repair. Consequently, the development of new, efficient, and non-resistant antimicrobial agents has become a priority for medical practitioners. In this study, a stepwise hydrothermal reaction strategy is utilized to prepare Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) with photosynthesis-like activity for the treatment of bacterial infections. The Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ NPs continuously catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from hydrogen peroxide through photosynthesis-like reactions and convert light energy into heat with a photothermal efficiency of 30.30%. In addition, the photosynthetically generated ROS, combined with the iron-induced cell death mechanism of the Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ NPs, confer them with exceptional and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, achieving antimicrobial activities of up to 98.62% for Staphylococcus aureus, 99.22% for Escherichia coli, and 98.55% for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The composite exhibits good cell safety and hemocompatibility. Finally, a full-thickness diabetic wound model validates the significant pro-healing properties of Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ in chronic diabetic wounds. Overall, the design of photosynthesis-inspired Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ presents new perspectives for developing efficient photothermal nano-enzymatic compounds, offering a promising solution to the challenges of antimicrobial drug resistance and antibiotic misuse.