Linear Ablation and Ethanol Infusion via the Vein of Marshall and Persistent AF

To the Editor A recent randomized clinical trial reported that adding linear ablation combined with ethanol infusion via the vein of Marshall (EIVOM) to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) significantly improved rhythm outcomes for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Although this study provides important evidence for optimizing catheter ablation strategies for persistent AF, I have a few concerns about the trial.